Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University Technical Science and Technology Series

Using Big Data and Data Analytics to intelligently monitor and model meteorological systems

N.N. Tashatov, М.E. Ashimova — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The main purpose of this work is a systematic analysis of the modern state of monitoring (goals, capabilities, technologies) of meteorological data, in particular, big data, analytics (mining) and operational-analytical data storefronts, their information sections (profiles), ontological representation of intellectual support for meteorological decision making. The tasks of modeling using time series in conditions of their noisiness (only "white," Gaussian noise is considered), data consolidation and implementation of data management models and meteorological monitoring process are also considered. The study uses methods of analysis, decomposition, situational modeling, parametric identification, mathematical statistics, classification and risk management. The main results of the work: 1) monitoring analytics as a system infrastructure of the "ecosystem," taking into account the demand for information objects (three-level for simplicity); 2) a model of calculations that ensures the storage, analysis and adaptability of data according to subject needs, "on the fly"; 3) a structural ontological diagram of the presentation of decision making based on monitoring, as well as a formal mathematical model corresponding to it. The obtained results in practical monitoring will allow you to solve both complex tasks (based on Big Data), and set (evaluate) the risks allowed in monitoring, build identification algorithms and programs (plans) for safe, controlled monitoring in conditions of poorly defined, fuzzy situations.

Methodology of substantiation and calculation of rational and constructive parameters of a tubular belt conveyor

B.B. Togizbayeva, A.S. Kinzhebayeva — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article considers the method of calculating the resistance forces on individual sections of the total resistance force in the traction organ of a tubular belt conveyor. A closed traction element is constantly moving or intermittently stops on straight sections that are connected to each other by curved transitions.

The design of the considered tubular belt conveyor, unlike existing structures, is formed by a closed belt tray due to support devices located along the perimeter of the bulk cargo transportation line. It is established that the main advantage of conveyor transport is a high level of labor productivity and low production costs, which are achieved by automating the operation of equipment. Typical problems for them are the need for crushing of the transported cargo, accurate checking of transition sections, coordination of drives and synchronization of movements, which are easily adjusted during operation, taking into account some initial design conditions.

Regulation of working speeds of technological machines

R.T. Sakhybaev, B.A. Koiaidarov — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The operating speeds of technological machines are regulated in the ranges provided by the technology or the operator factor. Stepwise or stepless methods of speed control are used. It is proposed to regulate the operating speeds of technological machines in a large range with the use of a variator and a gearbox, and in a small range with the use of a variator and a gearbox. Comparing the speed range with the variator control range, determine the small and large ranges of speed change. In replacement of a V-belt variator with a special wide V-belt, it is proposed to create a V-belt variator with a standard drive V-belt, the main tasks of its development are defined.

Investigation of laboratory and field tests of piles installed by displacement technology

A.Zh. Zhussupbekov, A.R. Omarov, J.S. Dhanya, A.B. Isakulov, S.B. Iskakov — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

When compared to conventional pile systems, the Drilled Displacement System (DDS) and Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) piles offer advantages in terms of improved load-carrying capacity, quicker installation, and less spoil generation. In this article, experiments on miniature piles built utilizing the Drilled Displacement System (DDS) and Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) technologies in a soil-filled test tank are described. For the study, model piles with dimensions of 20 mm in diameter and 300 mm in length were used, scaled at 1/20. The model piles are subjected to static loading, and throughout each phase of the loading process, the relevant displacements are measured. For both DDS and CFA piles, the analysis's findings on load-settlement curves and estimates of ultimate bearing capacity were compared. According to the study, the DDS piles outperformed the CFA piles in terms of load-carrying capacity. Additionally, full-scale field tests with static loads were performed on DDS-drilled piles with dimensions of 400 mm in diameter and 6 m in length. The field test's load-settlement response exhibits good agreement with the model testing. Overall, the study's findings offer insightful information about the behavior and performance of DDS piles that may be used to improve the design and installation of these piles in various soil types.

Comparative analysis of application platform for learning cybersecurity through the Capturing the Flag Competitions

A.S. Abdiraman, L.S. Aldasheva, B. Darmenov , T.I. Omurzakov, A.B. Zakirova — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Cyberpolygon is a platform designed to train students in the field of cybersecurity in order to obtain professional skills. In this regard, Astana IT University created a project aiming development of a cyberpolygon with various vectors for the exploitation of cyberattacks. This project allows more than ten students to work on the platform at the same time and gain Red/Blue teaming skills. This article provides a methodology of the development of the Cyberpolygon platform. Further, through the Cyberpolygon, experimental training was conducted among the students of the second year of study at Astana IT University, which allows solving real problems through the cyberpolygon. The performance testing and study of the platform was carried out by the methods of comparative analysis.

Charging Effect on Soil Particles in Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)

P. Venkateswarlu, N.N. Singh, K.S. Rao, N.M.A. Krishnan — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), a tool for material characterization reveals information about surface and subsurface, composition, and defects in bulk materials. The objective of the article is to understand the parameters of soil particles on charging effect in scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM images were obtained on colluvium soil particles by varying particle size (A=2-1mm, B=0.6-0.425mm, C=0.3-0.212mm, and D= <0.075mm), and number of conductive coatings (uncoated, single, and double). The article proposes a method for the preparation of soil particles for SEM imaging and is applicable for all types of soil particles. The study revealed that the soil particles of size greater than 212μm require double conductive coating and less than 75μm requires single coating to avoid charging effect. The sharpness of the image is questionable of soil particles greater than 212μm at 10000× magnification and above after double conductive coatings.

Processing of wild sea buckthorn products with the help of pilot plants

B.M. Iskakov, Z.V. Kapshakbaeva, S.M. Tokhtarova — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This article presents the results of experimental studies on squeezing the wild sea buckthorn product using an experimental press, separating the juice and extract using a centrifuge. The harmonious relationships of the interdependencies of pressure and velocity in the head are investigated, it is established that the minimum value of the juiciness index of wild sea buckthorn products is in the diaphragm gap equal to δ = 6 · 10-3 m, and it is proved that the optimal spin rate is 14.653 rad/With.These works were carried out in order to obtain a natural pure extract in order to use the extract in meat semi-finished products.

Effectiveness of strengthening reinforced concrete structures with fibroarmed plastics

U. Altigenov, A.S. Tulebekova, S.B. Akhazhanov, D. Kazhimkanuly, U. Kuralov — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Reinforced concrete has long been a staple in construction due to its exceptional strength and durability. One of the key components in reinforced concrete structures is steel reinforcement, which provides tensile strength to counteract the concrete's weakness in tension. However, recent innovations have led to the exploration of alternative materials that can enhance the performance of reinforced concrete elements. Among these innovations, the use of fiber-reinforced plastics has gained significant attention. The paper presents data on the application of new types of fiber-reinforced plastics for strengthening reinforced concrete structures. The results of the study contribute to the reduction of the period of work, as well as the lack of additional structural elements from the reinforcement of load-bearing structures, in does not change the existing usable area of the reinforced object.

Geophysical studies of the section of the Esil riverbed and assessment of the stability of the dam slopes

Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Based on the requirements of the current regulatory documents, it is necessary to conduct periodic monitoring of the condition of man-made and engineering structures on the territory of Kazakhstan. The control system takes into account the basic principles, concepts and methods in relation to the specifics of objects and parameters of technical control, as well as the specifics of the introduction of new technologies and, accordingly, the development of a new methodology for assessing the condition of the object of study. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comprehensive study of hydraulic structures using innovative equipment and approaches. In particular, the main tasks of the work:
Determination and assessment of the technical condition of enclosing dams based on the results of field observations, instrumental measurements and calculated indicators. This will allow you to assess the current state of the structures and identify possible deformations or damage.
Analysis of the influence of various loads, including permanent, dynamic and temporary, on the stress-strain state of the dam. This will allow us to determine how various factors affect engineering structures and what changes can occur in the long term.
Development of recommendations to ensure the reliability, safety and functional suitability of the studied hydraulic structures. These recommendations will be based on a comprehensive analysis and will provide practical solutions to maintain the structural integrity and efficiency of structures.
The scientific novelty of this work consists in the application of modern methods of geophysical research and innovative equipment for the technical assessment of hydraulic structures. This opens up new opportunities for improving the accuracy and reliability of assessing the condition of structures in a rapidly changing environment.

The effect of ash and slag waste on the setting time of cement dough and paste

Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This paper presents the principles of creating cement composite doughs and pastes based on waste ash and slag mixtures. Analysis of chemical composition of ash and slag mixture samples was carried out. Studies have been carried out to determine the basic physical and mechanical properties of binders. Various methods of introducing ash and slag waste at different setting times are considered and their effect on the basic properties of the composite material is studied.

Standardization tools for determining quality indicators

G.K. Karimova, R.K. Niyazbekova, Zh.K. Daniyarova — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Pasta is one of the products that are consumed all over the world, and therefore research in the field of technology improvement and improvement of quality indicators is very relevant. At enterprises, the technological properties of products are constantly checked, because there are problems associated with quality control and quality system.

There are many technologies in the production of pasta, according to which the use of various food additives is envisaged, which in turn must also be controlled and comply with legislative requirements, technical regulations of the EAEU and the Republic of Kazakhstan, standards.

The article discusses standardization tools that determine the quality indicators of pasta with the addition of millet. Quality indicators are set in GOST 31743-2017 "Pasta products. General technical conditions" (hereinafter - GOST 31743-2017), safety indicators in TR CU 021/2011 "On food safety".

In accordance with GOST 31743-2017, one of the indicators of the quality of pasta is "humidity". An increase in humidity leads to an increase in the thickness of the solvate shells surrounding the flour particles in the compacted dough, which means a decrease in the cohesive strength of the dough.

The study identified factors affecting the "humidity" indicator. A Pareto diagram, an X-ray fluorescence analyzer, a mathematical model and a causal relationship diagram were used.

Using standardization tools, it was determined that during the drying process of pasta, the dominant factors are "temperature and duration of drying". The results obtained meet the requirements of GOST 31743-2017 in terms of the quality indicator "humidity".

Research of the influence of the quality of repair and restoration works on the efficiency of urban passenger transport

Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This article presents the results of a study of the work of urban passenger transport (UPT) in the conditions of densely populated cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan, in particular Astana and Karaganda. As well as the state of the repair and restoration production of bus fleets (BF) and its impact on the quality of the organization and efficiency of the UPT. As a result of the study, it was revealed that one of the malfunctions, which is cyclical in nature, is the wear of the hub lugs of the rear axle of the chassis of buses, in particular IVECO buses, which make up a large proportion of rolling stock. It is established that the malfunction of the chassis assembly negatively affects the level of technical readiness and the coefficient of access to the rolling stock line, as well as the level of traffic safety on the roads.

The technology of repair and restoration of worn parts of the hub of the rear axle of the chassis of IVECO buses in the conditions of the BF was investigated. It was revealed that the existing technology of hub repair in the BF by restoring the lugs is imperfect, and therefore the inter-repair mileage is not large enough.

To solve this problem, it is necessary to develop a new technology for repairing and restoring worn hub lugs, which ensures high hardness and wear resistance of the restored surfaces.

Road slag asphalt concrete

A.E. Jexembayeva, I. Zakarin, M.D. Konkanov, L.B Aruova — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Asphalt and concrete road surfaces are an essential part of the infrastructure of transport systems, and in recent years slag road asphalt has gained popularity as an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative. Slag asphalt, produced by incorporating slag, a by-product of industrial steel production, into asphalt concrete mixes, is the subject of this review article. The article presents a review of researches papers on the use of slag road asphalt. This article reviews the composition, production and physical and mechanical characteristics of slag asphalt concrete. Particular attention is paid to studies of the effect of slag on the strength, fracture resistance and deformation of the material. The authors provide an overview of the various methods of modifying slag asphalt to improve its performance and durability of road surfaces. The article also highlights the environmental importance of slag asphalt, generalized its ability to reduce the use of natural resources and reduce waste from the steel industry. The overall analysis of these articles suggests the potential of using slag road asphalt concrete as an effective and environmentally sustainable material in road construction. However, further research and practical tests are needed to confirm its applicability in different climatic and road conditions. The final part of the article discusses the significance of slag asphalt concrete in the context of sustainable road construction. The potential of slag asphalt to save costs in the construction and maintenance of road infrastructure, as well as to improve its durability and sustainability, is emphasized. In conclusion, the article provides a generalised overview of slag asphalt concrete, its advantages and promising applications in road construction.

Methodology for predicting settlement of waterlogged foundations of electric furnace foundations at Aksu Ferroalloy Plant

Т.Т. Mussabayev , N.Zh. Zhumadilova, А.Т. Mukhamedzhanova , S.K. Mussina — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The authors proposed a new method for predicting precipitation of flooded foundations after their construction. The developed technique makes it possible to determine the required capacity of the non-soaked soil in the bearing layer of the base, as well as to choose the optimal depth of water reduction. This forecasting technique provides an opportunity to make changes to the values of the compression modulus of soil deformation and conversion coefficients to obtain more accurate values of the stamp module.

The main research topic is related to the complex analysis of the bases and foundations of electric furnaces No. 61 and 63 in the melting shop of the Aksu ferroalloy plant. In the course of the work, engineering-geological and hydrogeological surveys, geophysical studies, as well as an analysis of the technical condition of existing foundations were carried out. Based on comprehensive scientific and technical research, a new calculation model has been developed that allows you to predict the precipitation of buildings, taking into account the long-term water saturation of soils in the base. In addition, the reliability of the existing foundations of electric furnaces No. 61 and 63 and the possibility of their subsequent reconstruction in the context of the upcoming renovation were assessed.

Thus, this study and the developed new methodology for analyzing the sediment of flooded foundations and assessing their reliability makes an important contribution to geotechnical design. The results of this work can be applied to optimize the design and renovation of buildings and structures based on more accurate consideration of the impact of groundwater on the foundations.

Calculation and modeling of seasonally freezing soils of the road highway in the area of Kosshy (Astana, Kazakhstan) in Frost 3D program

A.S. Sarsembayeva, A.Zh. Zhussupbekov, D.W. Wang, S.T. Mussakhanova, A.R. Omarov — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This article simulates ground conditions on a road section near Kosshy settlement (Astana, Kazakhstan) using Frost 3D modeling program. This program is used in scientific and engineering projects to assess the impact of climate change on frozen soils and engineering structures built on them. This program allowed to perform a thermal forecast for a section of road pavement, which is located in the third climatic zone, where the soil is saturated with moisture and has a high filtration rate. A three-dimensional model of the design area was also developed, taking into account the terrain and geological and lithological structure of the soil. This software complex allows to receive scientifically grounded forecasts of thermal regimes of permafrost soils under conditions of thermal impact of pipelines, production wells, hydraulic and other structures taking into account thermal stabilization of the ground. In this work we applied the program capabilities for seasonally freezing soils of Astana. Modeling in the program Frost 3D Universal allowed us to simulate and predict heat and mass transfer in the ground, as it can affect the service life of the road surface. The soil bases of highways as well as pavement layers remain in a stable frozen state during short-term temperature increases up to +6.6 °C and have a sufficient safety margin. When the air temperature rises for a short period of time, only 25 cm of the upper part of the pavement is exposed, which corresponds to the top layer of the hot highly porous asphalt concrete mix base.

Comparison of bearing capacities of model drilled micro piles using DDS and CFA technologies

Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Drilled piles installed using CFA (Continuous Flight Auger) and DDS (Drilled
displacement system) technologies are relatively new construction products in the market of
Kazakhstan for the last 15 years, but already today the technology has a significant practical
value in the construction of the cities of Astana, Almaty and other regions. This article presents
model tests of bored piles installed using Drilled Displacement System (DDS) and Continuous
Flight Auger (CFA) technologies on a volumetric bench. For testing we used 1:20 scale, piles
diameter was 20 mm, length was 300 mm. Drilling was performed using augers that were
prepared in advance through a 3D printer. The load on the model piles was applied in steps of
39 N up to the ultimate load of 391 N. Based on the results of the study, the «settlement-load»
plots of the DDS and CFA model piles were obtained, as well as a comparison of the bearing
capacity of these piles by static test method. Based on the study, it was found that the DDS piles
exhibit good bearing capacity performance compared to the CFA piles. Overall, the results of the
study provide valuable information on the performance behavior of DDS and CFA piles, which
can be used to optimize their design and installation in different soil types.

New energy-efficient materials for construction

L.B. Aruova, A.E. Jexembayeva, M.D. Konkanov, L.A. Zhaksylykova — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Today in the world there is a huge amount of energy-efficient materials and products, including internal and external load-bearing and enclosing structures of buildings, which allow solving problems of energy saving in the operation of various buildings and structures. However, such materials do not always have high strength, as well as physical and mechanical properties for use in load-bearing parts of a large building. In this regard, the urgent tasks of developing energy-efficient structures and products are increasing strength, reducing thermal conductivity, increasing weather resistance and moisture resistance, as well as reducing cost.

As a result of comprehensive research, the authors have developed new cellular concretes with high strength characteristics, low thermal conductivity and low cost based on local raw materials and waste. This approach leads to a significant reduction in energy and resource consumption and promotes the introduction of environmentally friendly production methods while maintaining high product quality standards.

Experimental studies were carried out in a specially designed laboratory chamber. This installation ensured uniform temperature control inside the chamber, as well as uniform temperature distribution throughout the entire thickness of the products. This was achieved through a rational combination of energy sources used.

The article presents the results of studies of the physical and mechanical properties of foam concrete and the structural features of the material. The production of high-quality products became possible thanks to a combination of mild heat treatment conditions and the exothermic properties of cement. In addition, the impact of additional electrical energy at a minimum consumption (10-20 kWh/m³) on the hardening process of foam concrete is characterized by a periodic and short-term effect. In contrast, traditional heat treatment methods require significantly higher energy consumption - from 80 to 100 kWh/m³.

The results of X-ray and electron microscopy studies confirmed that the developed energy-efficient materials have high physical and mechanical properties and low cost.

Selecting an approach to calculate the excavation forces and the loads exerted on the components of the hydraulic excavator's working equipment.

А.S. Danyarova, B.B. Togizbayeva , K.G. Balabekov, A.B. Kenesbek — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

It is known that hydraulic excavators are multifunctional earthmoving machines consisting of an arrow, a handle and a bucket.

The excavator operates on the principle of hydraulic fluid with a hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic motors. It is important to note that the operation of a hydraulic excavator requires coordinated movement of the boom, handle and bucket to control the position of the bucket tip along the desired trajectory. Thus, it contributes to the effective use of the machine in the dark, in the worst working conditions, in severe weather, in a dangerous or unhealthy environment, and even in the territories of natural disasters.

Hydraulic excavator control is possible provided you understand the kinematics and dynamics of the excavator machine. To achieve this goal, this article presents various calculation methods related to the kinematics of an excavator machine, which are useful when performing its kinematic modeling. Which in turn contributes to understanding the behavior and improving the performance of a hydraulic excavator.

Methodology of instrumental observations of deformations and technical condition of buildings and structures

М.А. Sailygarayeva, N.N. Nyssanbay, Zh.D. Baigurin — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article is aimed at solving the problems of creating an effective survey network for conducting instrumental observations of the deformation processes of a building in the conditions of a foothill area with an energy class of earth's surface movements equal to 4-5.

Periodic observations of the technical condition contribute to the timely identification of critical deviations in the structural elements of the building and ensure the safe operation of the structure. Around the object under study, a methodology has been proposed for constructing a geodetic network with the laying of a class III leveling course in order to conduct periodic observations of the sedimentary movements of the building foundation and determine the quantitative values of the sediments, taking into account the territorial location, engineering-geological conditions, seismicity of the area and the influence of the external environment.

The composition of the Khoja Ahmed Yassawi’s mausoleum-khanaka in Turkestan evolution peculiarity

B.U. Kuspangaliyev, K.I. Samoilov, O.N. Priemets — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The problem of preservation and optimal demonstration of architectural monuments to local residents and tourists is of constant scientific and public interest. Two concepts coexist in dialectical interaction: conservation to preserve the monument in the form in which it has come down to our times, and restoration of the monument with the restoration of lost details. In each case, one or another decision is made, which finds both supporters and opponents. One aspect of this problem is the attitude towards buildings that have long breaks in their history in carrying out construction work. An interesting example of such a monument is the mausoleum-khanaka of Ahmed Yassawi in Turkestan, which remained unfinished. Given its importance for the self-determination of the culture of modern Kazakhstan, it seems appropriate to consider the issue of the project plan, which remained unrealized, as well as the stages of the construction of the building itself. This is especially interesting in connection with the emphasis on some aspects, some of which, although they were included in public scientific usage in the 1930’s and 1950’s, however, remained without attention and did not correct the modern widespread version of the history of the construction of the mausoleum-khanaka. This applies mainly to the construction stages of the end of the XIV century and the end of the XVI century. In addition, compositional analysis revealed a previously uncensored fact that not only the Main Portal of the building was not completed, but also the Main Dome, which, judging by the results of the analysis, was supposed to be double. These somewhat innovative results allow us to significantly expand the prospects for further research of an outstanding work.

ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLINESS OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE OF BUILDINGS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF PHILOSOPHICAL AND AESTHETIC ASPECT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF ASTANA)

А.A. Toishiyeva — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract: The idea of turning to the philosophical and aesthetic aspect in the formation of ecological architecture in the world architectural practice and theory is becoming more and more relevant. The process of deterioration of the ecology of cities, the reduction of natural resources, the quality of the environment determine the importance of using this aspect in sustainable development. This study reveals the interaction of architecture with the natural environment, with cultural and historical heritage on the basis of philosophical and aesthetic justification of these actions, providing a high level of ecological, social, economic and cultural development of society. The research, which studies the ecological approach to the formation of architecture through philosophical and aesthetic justification and understanding of architecture, is aimed at determining the ideological and semantic basis of modern architecture. To reveal this topic, this work examines the architecture of modern public buildings in Astana, such as the Khan Shatyr shopping and entertainment center and the Palace of Schoolchildren cultural and Educational center. As a result of the study of architectural objects, it was possible to identify aspects of the formation of architecture in symbiosis with nature, in symbiosis with cultural heritage and traditions, which form the basic basis in the formation of modern ecological space. Special attention is paid to the semantic context of the artistic expressiveness of architectural forms, an appeal to the symbolic characteristics of shaping, decoration, landscape, which determine the deep comprehension of the cultural meaning of modern architecture.

An automatic reinforcement mechanism for reinforcing the 3D printed concrete

M.K. Sagyntai , A.K. Mustafa, E.Z. Nugman — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

One of the pressing problems of additive technology in construction today is the reinforcement of 3D printed concrete. Research conducted so far has proven that when reinforcing 3D printed concrete, only when using standard corrugated steel reinforcement, its mechanical properties approach those of traditional reinforced concrete. Now the question that needs to be solved is how to automate the process of reinforcing 3D printed concrete with standard grooved steel rebar. In order to solve this problem, this work developed the concept of an automatic reinforcing mechanism that forms a double-row reinforcing mesh automatically using the resistance welding method, developed its prototype in accordance with the same concept, and carried out laboratory tests to verify its performance. In particular, in order to determine the compliance of the mechanical properties of the reinforcing mesh, produced automatically by the resistance welding method, with the requirements of the DIN 488-4 standard and to test the prototype resistance welding system, cross-shaped samples were made and tested by the shear method on a dynamo. In addition, the performance of all systems of the prototype automatic reinforcing mechanism was tested. Thus, the efficiency of the proposed concept has been proven.

Justification of the Annual Program of the Transport Company

N.M. Myrzabekov, A.A Karazhanov — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The issues of optimising economic and labour costs take a significant place in the production activities of transport companies. They depend on the socio-economic situation, objective reasons of production nature, availability of appropriate material and technical bases, as well as effective use and competence of enterprise management. It seems relevant to establish a transport enterprise programme to increase operational efficiency. Therefore, research outlines the characteristics of the work programme (order portfolios) of car service stations in the current environment and focuses on ensuring their stability. Mathematical modelling and methods of mathematical and statistical analysis served as principal tools, although analysis, synthesis, comparison and other methodologies were also significant. Authors represent the car service stations production programme as the sum of failures and faults arriving at the enterprise in random order. The results of the experimental studies underwent analysis based on probability theory and mathematical statistics, where mathematical models of the annual programme and the probabilities of its distribution in a given time interval were obtained. The authors recommend measures to optimise the production programme by ensuring uniform loading of car service station structures. It can be studied numerous theoretical issues during the design phase of production sites and make accurate predictions. There are theoretical methodologies based on certain results, which are suitable for the design of road transport services. One of them is a calculation of the enterprise's annual program based on a grouping of the number of vehicles coming into the site. The work brings new regard to the shape of the programmes related to car service providers.

Experimental study of the cutting conditions effect on surface roughness when boring a stepped hole

Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article presents the results of a study carried out to ensure the quality of boring stepped holes of a large part of the NP8 submersible pump bed. A design was developed and a prototype of a special combined boring tool was manufactured. A sample was also made, a blank of SCh15 for carrying out experimental studies.

Experimental studies were carried out in the laboratory base "Center of Working Professions Mechanical Engineering" of A. Saginov Karaganda Technical University NJSC on a screw-cutting lathe 1K625.

As a result of experimental studies of the cutting conditions effect on the roughness of the machined surface when boring stepped holes, it was established that with increasing the spindle speed and the value of the cutting depth, the quality of the machined surface improves. Increasing the feed negatively affects the machined surface roughness. The optimal cutting conditions for machining stepped holes ∅295 mm and ∅325 mm of the NP8 submersible pump bed were determined as follows: S=0.26 mm/rev; n= 1250 rpm; t=1.0 mm.

As a result of planning the experiment and evaluating the obtained data using the ANETR-5 program, the dependence of surface roughness on cutting modes was obtained, which will make it possible to control the quality parameters before machining and to determine optimal cutting modes that ensure high quality parameters of the part.

Engineering-geological conditions of the territories of construction sites on the right bank of the city of Astana

Т.Т. Mussabayev , N.Zh. Zhumadilova, V.S. Portnov, S.K. Mussina — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The natural hazard that arises as a result of flooding of the built-up right bank part of the city of Astana by flood waters of the Yesil River is today an urgent problem in the capital's construction complex. Flooding is a dangerous problem due to changes in the geological environment under the influence of loads from buildings and structures. The nature of changes in the properties of the geological environment during watering depends on the stability of the geological environment over time. Due to natural and man-made influences, the geological environment moves into the stage of instability of the geological environment. The study of engineering and geological conditions of construction sites will make it possible to regulate the functional use of territories. The authors have developed geotechnical methods for using reliable calculations of the stress state of foundation settlements in the design of buildings and structures, which made it possible to ensure the safety and serviceability of construction projects. An effective calculation of foundation settlement for homogeneous soil is proposed, in which equilibrium is ensured due to the forces of adhesion and friction at the boundary of vertical compacting stresses. The obtained research results are applicable when solving geotechnical problems at the stage of construction of buildings and structures.

Improving the efficiency of transportation of high-viscosity oil through trunk pipelines by introducing heat pump technology

A. Alimgazin, A.N. Berguzinov, G.T. Merzadinova, N.A. Baymbetov, G.Zh. Tasbolat — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The article deals with the issues of introducing an increase in the efficiency of transportation of high-viscosity oil through the main oil pipelines of the Republic of Kazakhstan by introducing heat pump technology for heating it using unconventional energy sources. For the first time, a specific technology and scheme for the use of a low–carbon modular heat pump complex (NMTC) for heating crude oil using the waste heat of water with a temperature of +110C separated after separation of the oil-water emulsion pumped from wells has been proposed for practical implementation at the facilities of JSC NC KazMunayGas (hereinafter - JSC KMG). The Yu.Z. Kamyshitovoye field with a 2-stage oil heating scheme is being preliminarily considered as a pilot site for conducting pilot–industrial tests (hereinafter - СPI) by NGDU "Zhaiykmunaygas". During the СPI, it is planned to install a module with a heat pump (NMTC) at the oil heating unit, thereby reducing the load on the process furnaces, which will eventually significantly reduce fuel gas consumption. This initiative is innovative and for the first time provides for the use of heat pumps in the process of heating oil in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The prospects for the use of NMTC are in the replication of this technology to other mining assets of JSC NC KazMunayGas.

Investigation of the influence of technological parameters on the copper deposition process

A. Doshibekova, I. Jurinskaya, S Tashpulatov — Sat, 30 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The possibility of electroplating copper coatings on chemically and chemical-galvanically nickel-plated acrylic fibers has been studied. The effect of electrolyte pH, its composition, current strength at the 1st and 2nd cathodes, as well as the metallization time on the electrophysical, physical and mechanical properties of copper-containing fibers have been studied.

Electrically conductive fibers with different copper contents have been obtained. Regularities have been established for the change in the electrical properties of fibers depending on the content of copper. The studies have shown that with an increase in the copper content, the electrical conductivity, the uniformity of the coating and the uniformity of the electrophysical properties (for chemical-galvanically nickel-plated fiber) increase. In the case of copper plating of chemically nickel-plated fiber, the coefficient of variation in electrical resistance increases with increasing plating time, despite the fact that the copper content increases, and the coefficient of variation in copper content and electrical resistance decreases.