Principles of harmonization of the natural environment in architectural space
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32523/2616-7263-2023-142-1-146-156Keywords:
architecture, green architecture, natural space, city, design, reconstruction, plantations, ecology, microclimate, Frank Lloyd WrightAbstract
The reason for writing this article was long-term residence in the city, with a number of negative factors, both natural and anthropogenic. Being an integral part of nature, man managed to plunder its wealth, directing everything to his needs. Moreover, changing the environment to suit his needs, he in no way thought about the consequences, polluting the air, land and water every day, and also depriving nature of the opportunity to put itself in order. Thus, environmental problems have become especially relevant in our time.
There have always been enthusiasts trying to help and fix the problem of pollution, but on a global scale, the search for a solution has been relatively recent. The first major changes can be considered the projects of new master plans and reconstructions of large cities in Europe in the 19th century. So decisions were made to separate the industrial and residential areas, as well as the introduction of park areas in the residential part of the city.
Parks, which for the most part were a luxury item, being only on the estates of rich people, have now reached the masses, thereby providing ordinary people with access to a more environmentally friendly area, and also gave rise to a new vector of architectural development, which resulted a hundred years later in the work of Frank Lloyd Wright and his concept of "prairie houses".
Architecture, being one of the largest instruments of influence on public life, has hoisted the banner to bring the idea of unity with nature into society. This will embody the ideas of harmony between man and nature, will improve the microclimate both in a single apartment and in the city as a whole, will set a trend for preserving nature and correcting existing mistakes.
Astana, a city that does not have natural features that would create favorable weather and climate conditions, such as the Alps in Switzerland, or dense forests, as in Russia. The location in an open field makes it necessary to take a more careful approach to improving the microclimate in the city.
