Monitoring and analysis of dynamic changes in flooding through remote sensing

Abstract

Remote sensing (RS) is currently one of the most modern and effective technologies widely used for monitoring the dynamics of natural disasters, including complex and rapidly changing phenomena such as floods. This method allows for the observation of changes on the Earth's surface across various spectral ranges, as well as in spatial and temporal dimensions, enabling comprehensive and accurate assessment of the impact of both natural and anthropogenic factors on the environment. Using remote sensing data, specialists can map the development process of a flood and systematically carry out forecasting and assessment of the disaster’s consequences. In this study, the dynamics of water bodies in the area of the city of Kulsary were investigated based on multispectral imagery obtained from the Landsat 8 satellite. As a result of processing the satellite data, changes in the area and shape of the water surface in the study region over time were analyzed. These changes are particularly pronounced during the spring and autumn periods, which is associated with precipitation and snowmelt. Remote sensing technology is a reliable and scientifically grounded method for observing and assessing large-scale and rapidly evolving natural phenomena such as floods.