Principles for the formation of sustainable architecture of an educational school (using the example of an Indonesian school on the island of Bali)

Abstract

 In the 21^st century, the concept of sustainable development has become a key foundation for humanity's future growth. The sustainability strategy is now broadly understood and influences all aspects of life, including education. Global threats to civilization, including economic, demographic, military-political, environmental, and socio-cultural processes, present significant challenges in socialization and adaptation for the younger generation.  It is no longer possible to address these issues without the comprehensive and extensive use of preventive development mechanisms. Undoubtedly, one such crucial mechanism is the sphere of education, particularly the architecture of schools.  Therefore, architecture, as a key resource in education, must evolve to a new level. The research's relevance lies in the need to apply new architectural and urban planning principles in designing modern schools that ensure an ecologically comfortable and sustainable educational environment. The study analyzes the creation of sustainable school architecture, using the Bali Green School in Indonesia as a positive example of successful implementation. To thoroughly explore the research topic, the authors utilize insights from natural, human, and social sciences, including ecology, psychology, philosophy, pedagogy, and microbiology. The study identifies five key principles: integrating architecture with nature, architectural identity, permaculture, openness in educational spaces, and environmental well-being.