Guidelines for authors

References must be numbered in the order in which they appear in the text (including citations in tables and their captions) and listed separately at the end of the manuscript. A Digital Object Identifier (DOI) must be provided for all references where available.

In the text, reference numbers must be placed in square brackets [ ] and positioned before punctuation marks, for example: [1], [1–3] or [1,3].

Examples of reference formatting (according to GOST 7.1–2003 “Bibliographic Record. Bibliographic Description. General Requirements and Rules”):

1. Journal articles:

Author 1, Author 2, Title of the article. Title of the journal, year, volume, page range.

Book formatting:
a) Author 1, Author 2, B. Title of the book (edition number, ISSN), Publisher: Publisher location, country, year of publication; Volume No., pp. 154–196.

Conference proceedings:
b) Author 1, Author 2, Author 3, Title of the paper. In the conference proceedings, indicate the name of the conference, venue, country, and the conference date (Day, month, year).

Dissertations:
c) Author 1, Author 2, Author 3, Title of the dissertation. Degree level, degree-granting university, location of the university, completion date.

Online sources:
d) Name of the website. Available online: URL (accessed on – day, month, year).

Rules for the Use of Artificial Intelligence in scientific articles

The Editorial Board, guided by the principles set out in paragraph 5 of Appendix 1 to the Order of the Minister of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated March 31, 2011 No. 127 (as amended by the Order of the Minister of Science and Higher Education dated January 6, 2025 No. 4), defines its position on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in scientific publications.
Taking into account the specifics of legal research and the principles of academic integrity, the Editorial Board adheres to a policy of responsible, ethical, and transparent use of AI.

The Editorial Board allows the use of AI technologies only for auxiliary purposes, provided that the following requirements are strictly observed:

  1. Authors bear responsibility for the reliable, safe, and ethical use of information obtained through AI technologies.
  2. Research results, conclusions, and recommendations must be formulated independently by the authors, regardless of AI usage.
  3. Authors are required to disclose any use of AI, specifying:
  • at which stage and for what purpose the technology was used;
  • how the accuracy and interpretation of the obtained data were verified;
  • information about the technology: name, developer (copyright holder), version, access date, and usage date.

Example of citation:

OpenAI (2023) ChatGPT (generative AI interface). Available at: https://chat.openai.com/chat (Accessed: 01 June 2025).

  1. The absence of a disclosure statement regarding the use of AI shall be regarded as confirmation that AI technologies were not used.
  2. The use of AI is permitted for statistical data processing (surveys, questionnaires, tests, etc.).

The Editorial Board prohibits the use of AI technologies:

  1. for generating any part of a research article (abstract, introduction, literature review, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion, references);
  2. without disclosure of information about the technology, including name, version, owner, and access date;
  3. for bypassing plagiarism detection systems or reducing the likelihood of plagiarism identification;
  4. for distorting others’ texts or ideas to conceal borrowing;
  5. in studies involving children under 13 years old, due to ethical restrictions and the need to protect the rights of minors;
  6. for creating fictitious experimental data without conducting actual research.

The Editorial Board emphasizes that the use of AI must be transparent, limited, and consistent with the principles of academic ethics, ensuring the preservation of authorship and scientific reliability of publications.